Green roofs, also known as vegetated roofs or living roofs, consist of a waterproofing membrane, a growing medium (soil), and vegetation installed over a traditional roof structure. These systems are usually flat or slightly sloped and allow plants to grow while water drains through layered substrates. Green roofs offer both environmental and thermal performance benefits.
Suitable Climates: Adaptable to many climates, especially beneficial in warm and rainy environments
Subtropical Climates: Reduce rooftop temperatures and manage heavy rainfall
Tropical/Arid Climates: Lower cooling energy use when paired with irrigation
Humid Subtropical & Mediterranean Climates: Stabilize indoor temperatures by 3–4°C
Urban Areas: Absorb heat and reduce the urban heat island effect
Benefits: Cleaner and reduced stormwater runoff, natural insulation against heat and cold, energy savings, mitigates urban heat islands, extends roof lifespan (less re-roofing waste), adds usable or green space
Drawbacks: Higher cost compared to traditional roofing, adds significant structural weight, requires additional maintenance
Application: Used on flat or low-slope roofs in residential, commercial, and urban developments prioritizing sustainability and climate resilience